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Court has also issued notices in similarly placed appeals filed by Hridaya Nest of Family Harmony and All India Democratic Women’s Association.
The Supreme Court today issued notice in the appeal filed against the split verdict pronounced by the Delhi High Court in the cases pertaining to the issue of criminalization of marital rape challenging the exception 2 of Section 375, Indian Penal Code as much as it excludes married women from filing rape charges against her husband.
A division bench of Justices Ajay Rastogi and BV Nagarathna today issued notice in the plea. The matter is likely to be heard in February 2023.
The appeal was filed by one Khushboo Saifi who was a petitioner before the High Court in the matter.
She approached the top court after the high court bench consisting of Justice Rajiv Shakdher and Justice C Hari Shankar granted a certificate of leave to appeal before the Supreme Court as the matter involved a substantial question of law.
While Justice Shakdher had held the provision unconstitutional and ordered the exception to be struck down, Justice Harishankar had held that the provision is constitutional and is based on “intelligible differentia”.
The High Court had pronounced its judgment in the batch of petitions filed by two NGOs, namely, RIT Foundation and All India Democratic Women’s Association and two individuals challenging the constitutionality of Exception 2 to Section 375 as well as section 376B of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 on the ground that it excludes marital rape as a criminal offence. The thrust of the petitions was that this exception is unconstitutional and violates the right of married women under Articles 14, 15, 19 and 21 of the Constitution.
Justice Shakdher had declared that marital rape still amounts to rape and the impugned exception under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 is violative of the wife's right to life, right to equality & right to freedom of expression. He had concluded that the ghost of the master of the exception, Hale, needs to be “exorcised”.
Whereas, Justice Harishankar on the other hand, had referred to a myriad of examples of male and female relationships, such as mother son, girlfriend boyfriend, brother sister, etc. and had observed that the relationship between husband and wife, which emerges as a result of tying the proverbial knot is distinct from each and all of these relationships. While stressing upon the sanctity of marriage, he had held that to ignore or even to seek to undermine marital relations is to ignore plain reality.
In August, the Kerala High Court opined that marital rape is a ground for divorce. Court observed that, “treating wife's body as something owing to husband and committing sexual act against her will is nothing but marital rape.”
A division bench of Justice A. Muhamed Mustaque and Justice Kauser Edappagath while dismissing husband’s appeal against family court's decision allowing his wife’s plea for divorce had observed that,
“Merely for the reason that the law does not recognise marital rape under penal law, it does not inhibit the court from recognizing the same as a form of cruelty to grant divorce. We, therefore, are of the view that marital rape is a good ground to claim divorce.”
Cause Title: Khushboo Saifi Vs. Union of India & Ors.
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